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What Are the Different Types of Chamomile Plant

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Updated: September 14, 2022

Chamomile is a herb that has been used for centuries for medicinal and cosmetic purposes. It is known for its calming and soothing properties and is often used to treat anxiety, insomnia, and digestive issues. There are two main types of chamomile plants: German Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) and Roman Chamomile (Chamaemelum nobile). In this article, we will explore the characteristics of each type of chamomile plant.

German Chamomile

German chamomile, also known as Matricaria chamomilla, is an annual plant that grows up to 60 cm tall. It has white flowers with yellow centers that bloom in the summer months. The leaves of the German chamomile plant are fern-like and delicate. This type of chamomile is commonly used in herbal tea blends due to its mild, sweet flavor.

German chamomile is rich in essential oils such as bisabolol, matricin, and chamazulene. These compounds have anti-inflammatory properties, making German chamomile a popular ingredient in skincare products. It is also used to treat gastrointestinal issues such as bloating, indigestion, and diarrhea.

Roman Chamomile

Roman chamomile, also known as Chamaemelum nobile, is a perennial plant that grows up to 30 cm tall. It has small daisy-like flowers with white petals and yellow centers that bloom in the summer months. The leaves of the Roman chamomile plant are fern-like and aromatic.

Roman chamomile is rich in essential oils such as alpha-bisabolol, bisabolol oxide A, and bisabolone oxide A. These compounds have anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic properties, making Roman chamomile a popular ingredient in aromatherapy and massage oils. It is also used to treat skin conditions such as eczema, psoriasis, and acne.

Differences Between German and Roman Chamomile

While both types of chamomile plants have similar properties, there are some differences between the two. German chamomile has a stronger aroma and a more intense flavor than Roman chamomile. It also contains higher levels of chamazulene, which gives it its distinctive blue color.

Roman chamomile, on the other hand, has a sweeter aroma and a milder flavor than German chamomile. It is also more commonly used in aromatherapy and massage oils due to its antispasmodic properties.

How to Use Chamomile

Chamomile can be used in a variety of ways, including:

  • Herbal tea: Steep 1-2 teaspoons of dried chamomile flowers in hot water for 5-10 minutes. Add honey or lemon to taste.

  • Skincare: Mix chamomile essential oil with a carrier oil such as coconut or jojoba oil and apply to the skin as needed.

  • Aromatherapy: Add a few drops of chamomile essential oil to a diffuser or vaporizer for a calming and soothing effect.

  • Massage: Mix chamomile essential oil with a carrier oil and use for a relaxing massage.

FAQ

1. Is chamomile safe to use?

Chamomile is generally considered safe when used in moderation. However, if you are allergic to plants in the daisy family, such as ragweed, chrysanthemums, and marigolds, you should avoid using chamomile.

2. Can I use chamomile if I am pregnant or breastfeeding?

There is not enough research to determine the safety of chamomile during pregnancy or breastfeeding. It is best to consult with your healthcare provider before using chamomile if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.

3. Can chamomile be used to treat anxiety?

Chamomile has calming and soothing properties and is often used to treat anxiety. However, if you have severe anxiety, it is important to seek professional medical advice.

4. How should chamomile be stored?

Chamomile should be stored in an airtight container in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. It can also be stored in the refrigerator for longer shelf life.

In conclusion, chamomile is a versatile herb that has been used for centuries for its medicinal and cosmetic properties. German chamomile and Roman chamomile are the two main types of chamomile plants, each with its own set of characteristics and uses. Whether consumed as a tea or used topically, chamomile can provide a range of benefits for overall health and wellness.

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