What Are the Different Types of Coriander Plant

Coriander is an herb that belongs to the Apiaceae family. It is native to regions spanning from Southern Europe and Northern Africa to Southwestern Asia. Coriander plant is used in cooking, fragrance, and medicine. The seeds of coriander are used as a spice, while the leaves are used as a herb. There are different types of coriander plants, which we will discuss in this article.

Common Coriander

Common coriander (Coriandrum sativum) is the most widely recognized type of coriander plant. It is also known as Chinese parsley or cilantro. Common coriander has a pungent aroma and taste, which makes it ideal for use in different cuisines worldwide. Its leaves are green and feathery and are commonly used as a herb in recipes such as salsa, guacamole, and curry dishes.

Perennial Coriander

Perennial coriander (Coriandrum sativum var. microcarpum) is another type of coriander plant. This variety is native to the Mediterranean region and is also known as Moroccan coriander or Mexican coriander. Perennial coriander is a perennial plant that grows up to two feet tall. Its leaves are smaller than those of the common coriander, but they have a stronger flavor.

Vietnamese Coriander

Vietnamese coriander (Persicaria odorata) is a type of coriander plant that has a citrusy flavor with a hint of spice. It is also known as laksa leaf, Vietnamese mint or hot mint. Vietnamese coriander has long, pointed leaves with purple veins and stems. It is commonly used in Southeast Asian cuisine, particularly in Vietnamese soups, salads, and noodle dishes.

Indian Coriander

Indian coriander (Coriandrum sativum var. Indicum) is a type of coriander plant that is native to India. It is also known as round coriander or desi coriander. Indian coriander has a stronger flavor than common coriander and is commonly used in Indian and Middle Eastern cuisine.

Mexican Coriander

Mexican coriander (Eryngium foetidum) is another type of coriander plant that is native to Mexico and the Caribbean. It is also known as culantro, recao, or long coriander. Mexican coriander has long, serrated leaves that are similar in appearance to the leaves of the common coriander, but with a more pungent flavor. It is commonly used in Latin American and Caribbean cuisine, particularly in soups, stews, and sauces.

Culinary Uses

Coriander is widely used in different cuisines worldwide. Its seeds are used as a spice in curries, soups, stews, and marinades. The leaves of the coriander plant are used as a herb in recipes such as salsa, guacamole, and curry dishes. Coriander leaves are also used as a garnish for different dishes.

Medicinal Uses

Coriander has been used for medicinal purposes for centuries. Its seeds are rich in antioxidants and have anti-inflammatory properties. Coriander seeds have been used to treat digestive issues such as bloating, indigestion, and constipation. Coriander oil has also been used to relieve pain caused by arthritis.

FAQ

Can I grow different types of coriander plants together?

Yes, different types of coriander plants can be grown together. However, some varieties may cross-pollinate and produce hybrid seeds.

Is coriander safe during pregnancy?

Coriander is safe to consume during pregnancy in moderate amounts. However, pregnant women should consult their doctor before consuming any herbs or spices.

Can I freeze coriander leaves?

Yes, coriander leaves can be frozen. Wash and dry the leaves before packing them in an airtight container or freezer bag.