How to Grow Stevia Plant Outdoors

Stevia, also known as sweet leaf or sugar leaf, is a natural sweetener that has gained popularity in recent years as a healthier alternative to sugar. It is derived from the leaves of the Stevia rebaudiana plant, which is native to South America. Growing your own stevia plant outdoors allows you to have a constant supply of fresh leaves for sweetening your food and beverages. In this article, we will discuss the steps involved in successfully growing stevia plants outdoors.

Choosing the Right Location

The first step in growing stevia plants outdoors is to choose the right location for planting. Stevia plants require full sun for at least 6 hours a day, so select a spot in your garden that receives ample sunlight. Stevia also prefers well-drained soil, so make sure the area you choose has good drainage.

Preparing the Soil

Before planting your stevia seeds or seedlings, it is important to prepare the soil properly. Start by removing any weeds or grass from the area and loosen the soil with a garden fork or tiller. Add organic matter such as compost or well-rotted manure to improve the soil’s fertility and drainage. Stevia plants prefer slightly acidic soil with a pH range of 6.5 to 7.5, so test the soil’s pH level and make any necessary adjustments using organic soil amendments.

Planting Stevia Seeds or Seedlings

Once the soil is prepared, you can start planting your stevia seeds or seedlings. If you choose to start from seeds, sow them directly into the prepared soil, covering them with a thin layer of soil and gently patting it down. Keep the soil moist until the seeds germinate, which usually takes about 1 to 2 weeks.

If you prefer to start with seedlings, you can purchase them from a local nursery or start your own indoors. When transplanting the seedlings, make sure to space them about 12 inches apart to allow enough room for growth. Dig a hole slightly larger than the root ball of the seedling, place it in the hole, and gently firm the soil around it.

Watering and Fertilizing

Proper watering is crucial for the healthy growth of stevia plants. Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Avoid overwatering, as it can lead to root rot. Regularly check the soil moisture by inserting your finger into the soil up to your second knuckle. If it feels dry at that depth, it’s time to water.

Fertilize your stevia plants every 4 to 6 weeks during the growing season with a balanced organic fertilizer. Avoid using excessive amounts of nitrogen, as it can negatively affect the sweetness of the leaves. Follow the instructions on the fertilizer packaging for proper application rates.

Pruning and Harvesting

To encourage bushier growth and higher leaf production, it is important to prune your stevia plants regularly. Pinch off the tips of young plants when they reach about 6 inches in height. This will promote branching and result in a fuller plant. After the first pruning, continue to pinch off any flower buds that appear to divert energy towards leaf production.

Stevia leaves are at their sweetest when harvested just before flowering. Once your stevia plant reaches its full height of about 2 feet, you can start harvesting the leaves by cutting off individual stems at the base. Use a sharp pair of scissors or pruning shears to avoid damaging the plant. Leave a few sets of leaves on each stem to allow for regrowth.

Drying and Storing Stevia Leaves

To preserve the sweetness of stevia leaves, they need to be properly dried and stored. After harvesting, rinse the leaves with cool water to remove any dirt or debris. Shake off excess water and spread the leaves out in a single layer on a clean, dry surface. Place them in a well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight and allow them to air dry for about one week or until they become brittle.

Once the leaves are completely dry, store them in an airtight container away from light and heat. You can store them as whole leaves or grind them into a powder using a coffee grinder or food processor.

Conclusion

Growing stevia plants outdoors is a rewarding experience that allows you to enjoy the natural sweetness of this plant without the negative health effects of sugar. By choosing the right location, preparing the soil, and following proper watering and pruning techniques, you can successfully cultivate your own stevia plants. With a constant supply of fresh stevia leaves, you can sweeten your food and beverages naturally while reaping the benefits of this low-calorie sweetener.