How to Grow Olive Tree Plant Outdoors

Olive trees are not only beautiful and elegant, but they also produce delicious fruits and have a long history of cultivation. Growing an olive tree plant outdoors can be a rewarding experience for any gardener. Whether you live in a Mediterranean climate or not, with proper care and attention, you can successfully grow an olive tree in your own backyard. In this article, we will guide you through the process of growing an olive tree plant outdoors.

Choosing the Right Variety

Before you start growing an olive tree plant outdoors, it is important to choose the right variety that is suitable for your climate. Some olive tree varieties are more cold-hardy than others, so it is essential to select a variety that can withstand the lowest temperatures in your area.

Some popular cold-hardy olive tree varieties include Arbequina, Arbosana, and Koroneiki. These varieties are known for their ability to tolerate colder temperatures and are great choices for gardeners in regions with mild winters.

Selecting the Right Location

Olive trees thrive in full sun and well-drained soil. When selecting a location for your olive tree plant, choose a spot that receives at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight each day. Avoid planting your olive tree in low-lying areas or areas prone to flooding, as excess water can lead to root rot.

Additionally, it is important to ensure good air circulation around the tree to prevent diseases. Planting your olive tree in a location with good air movement will help reduce the risk of fungal infections.

Preparing the Soil

Olive trees prefer soil that is well-drained and slightly alkaline with a pH level between 6 and 8. Before planting your olive tree, prepare the soil by incorporating organic matter such as compost or well-rotted manure to improve drainage and fertility.

If your soil is heavy or clay-like, consider adding sand or perlite to improve its drainage. It is also a good idea to have your soil tested to determine its nutrient content. Based on the results, you may need to amend the soil with specific nutrients to ensure optimal growth.

Planting the Olive Tree

Once you have selected the right variety, location, and prepared the soil, it’s time to plant your olive tree. The best time to plant an olive tree is in the spring when the soil has warmed up and the risk of frost has passed.

Dig a hole that is slightly larger and deeper than the root ball of your olive tree. Gently remove the tree from its container and place it in the hole, ensuring that the top of the root ball is level with or slightly above ground level.

Backfill the hole with soil, firming it gently around the roots to eliminate air pockets. Water thoroughly after planting to settle the soil and ensure good root-to-soil contact.

Watering and Fertilizing

Established olive trees are drought-tolerant, but young trees require regular watering until they become established. Water deeply but infrequently, allowing the soil to dry out between waterings. Overwatering can lead to root rot and other diseases.

In terms of fertilization, olive trees have relatively low nutrient requirements. A balanced fertilizer with equal amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium can be applied in early spring and again in late spring or early summer. Avoid overfertilizing as excessive nitrogen can promote vegetative growth at the expense of fruit production.

Pruning and Training

Pruning is an essential part of growing an olive tree plant outdoors. It helps maintain a manageable size and shape, improves air circulation, and stimulates fruit production. Prune your olive tree during late winter or early spring before new growth begins.

Remove any dead or damaged branches, as well as any suckers or water sprouts that are growing from the base of the tree. Thin out the interior of the tree to improve air circulation and light penetration. Aim for an open-centered shape with a few well-spaced main branches.

Harvesting Olives

Depending on the variety, olive trees can take several years to start producing fruit. Once your olive tree begins to bear fruit, it is important to harvest them at the right time for optimal flavor and quality.

Harvesting olives can be a labor-intensive process, especially if you have a large tree. The best time to harvest olives is when they are fully ripe but before they start to fall off the tree. Different olive varieties have different ripening times, so it is important to monitor your tree regularly.

To harvest olives, gently hand-pick them or use a small rake or tarp to collect fallen fruits from the ground. Place harvested olives in a basket or container and store them in a cool, dark place until ready to use.

Conclusion

Growing an olive tree plant outdoors can be a rewarding experience that allows you to enjoy the beauty of the tree and indulge in its delicious fruits. By choosing the right variety, selecting an appropriate location, preparing the soil, and providing proper care, you can successfully grow an olive tree in your own backyard. So why not give it a try and embark on a journey of cultivating this ancient and versatile plant? Happy gardening!