What Are the Different Types of Sweet Pea Plant

Sweet peas, scientifically known as Lathyrus odoratus, are beautiful flowering plants that are popular among gardeners for their vibrant colors and delightful fragrance. These annual climbing plants belong to the legume family, Fabaceae, and are native to the Mediterranean region. Over the years, numerous cultivars and varieties of sweet pea have been developed, each with its unique characteristics and charm. In this article, we will explore some of the different types of sweet pea plants that you can consider adding to your garden.

Dwarf Sweet Peas

Dwarf sweet peas, also known as bush-type sweet peas, are compact varieties that grow to a height of around 8 to 12 inches (20-30 cm). These plants have a more bushy habit compared to their climbing counterparts. Dwarf sweet peas are ideal for small gardens, containers, or hanging baskets, as they require less space and do not need support structures. Despite their smaller size, they still produce an abundance of fragrant flowers.

One popular dwarf sweet pea variety is ‘Cupid Pink,’ which features delicate pink flowers and is perfect for adding a touch of elegance to any garden. Another favorite is ‘Little Sweetheart,’ which produces an array of pastel-colored blooms and has a lovely trailing habit.

Spencer Sweet Peas

Spencer sweet peas are renowned for their larger and more ruffled flowers compared to other types of sweet peas. Developed by Silas Cole Spencer in the early 20th century, these cultivars quickly gained popularity for their exceptional quality and beauty. Spencer sweet peas have long stems and are often grown for cut flowers due to their striking appearance and lovely scent.

One notable variety is ‘Matucana,’ which boasts deep maroon flowers with a strong fragrance. ‘Noel Sutton’ is another popular choice with its pale pink blooms and frilly petals. If you’re looking for a vibrant and eye-catching variety, ‘Gwendoline’ with its bright orange flowers is sure to captivate.

Grandiflora Sweet Peas

Grandiflora sweet peas are known for their large and showy flowers, which can reach up to 2 inches (5 cm) in diameter. These varieties often have long stems and are favored by gardeners for their dramatic look, making them perfect for creating beautiful flower arrangements. While they may require some support due to their height, their striking blooms are worth the effort.

One well-regarded grandiflora sweet pea is ‘Old Spice Mix,’ which offers a mix of fragrant flowers in various colors, including pink, purple, and white. ‘George Herbert’ is another popular choice with its deep burgundy blooms and strong fragrance. For those who prefer lighter shades, ‘Queen Alexandra’ is a fantastic option with its soft pink flowers.

Multiflora Sweet Peas

Multiflora sweet peas are characterized by their ability to produce an abundance of smaller flowers in clusters. These varieties are often more prolific bloomers compared to other sweet pea types, ensuring a continuous display of colorful blossoms throughout the growing season. Multiflora sweet peas come in a wide range of colors and are particularly suitable for filling up borders or covering fences and trellises.

One beloved multiflora variety is ‘Painted Lady,’ which showcases bicolored blooms in shades of pink and white. ‘Cupani’ is another well-known cultivar that features deep purple flowers with dark maroon wings. If you’re seeking a mix of colors, ‘Mollie Rilestone’ offers a delightful blend of pastel shades.

Modern Varieties

In addition to the traditional sweet pea types mentioned above, modern breeders have developed new varieties with improved characteristics. These modern sweet peas often exhibit traits such as stronger stems, larger flowers, and enhanced disease resistance. They have been bred to thrive in different climates and provide gardeners with a wider range of choices.

Some popular modern sweet pea varieties include ‘Erewhon,’ which boasts unique lavender and purple blooms, and ‘High Scent,’ known for its highly fragrant flowers in shades of pink, purple, and white. ‘Royal Wedding’ is another sought-after variety with its pure white flowers and long-lasting blooms.

Conclusion

With their enchanting fragrance and vibrant colors, sweet peas are a delightful addition to any garden. Whether you prefer the compactness of dwarf sweet peas, the ruffled beauty of Spencer sweet peas, the showiness of grandiflora sweet peas, the abundance of multiflora sweet peas, or the modern traits of new varieties, there is a type of sweet pea plant to suit every gardener’s taste. Consider adding these stunning climbers to your garden and enjoy their charming presence throughout the summer months.