What Are the Different Types of Ruda Plant

Ruda plant, scientifically known as Ruta graveolens, is a perennial herb that belongs to the Rutaceae family. It is native to the Mediterranean region and has been used for centuries for its medicinal and culinary benefits. Ruda plant is also commonly known as common rue, herb-of-grace, or garden rue.

In addition to its historical uses, Ruda plant is also valued for its ornamental qualities. Its attractive blue-green foliage and delicate yellow flowers make it a popular choice for gardens and landscaping. There are several different types of Ruda plant, each with its own unique characteristics. Let’s explore some of these varieties:

1. Common Rue (Ruta graveolens)

Common rue is the most well-known and widely cultivated type of Ruda plant. It is a bushy perennial herb that grows up to 2-3 feet in height. Common rue has distinctive bluish-green leaves that are highly aromatic when crushed. The plant produces small yellow flowers in clusters during the summer months.

Common rue is often used in traditional medicine for its various health benefits. It contains compounds such as rutin, flavonoids, and alkaloids that are believed to have anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, and diuretic properties. However, it’s important to note that common rue should be used with caution as some of its compounds can be toxic in large quantities.

2. Variegated Rue (Ruta graveolens ‘Variegata’)

Variegated rue is a cultivar of common rue that features attractive variegated foliage. Its leaves have a unique combination of green and creamy white colors, which add a touch of elegance to any garden or landscape. The variegation is most prominent in the spring and early summer when the plant is actively growing.

Like common rue, variegated rue also produces clusters of small yellow flowers during the summer. However, its main appeal lies in its striking foliage, which provides contrast and visual interest in garden beds and borders. Variegated rue is a low-maintenance plant that thrives in full sun to partial shade and well-draining soil.

3. Dwarf Rue (Ruta graveolens ‘Jackman’s Blue’)

Dwarf rue, also known as ‘Jackman’s Blue,’ is a compact variety of Ruda plant that reaches a height of only 6-12 inches. It has finely divided blue-green leaves and produces small yellow flowers in dense clusters. This miniature version of common rue is perfect for small gardens, containers, or as an edging plant.

Dwarf rue is valued not only for its compact size but also for its ability to attract butterflies and bees. The fragrant foliage and flowers serve as a nectar source for these beneficial pollinators. Despite its small stature, dwarf rue still possesses the same medicinal properties as its larger counterparts.

4. Algerian Rue (Ruta chalepensis)

Algerian rue, also known as Syrian rue or African rue, is another species of Ruda plant that is native to the Mediterranean region. It closely resembles common rue but has slightly different characteristics. Algerian rue has larger leaves and produces yellow flowers with a reddish tinge.

This type of Ruda plant is often used in traditional medicine for its antispasmodic and emmenagogue properties. It has been used to relieve muscle spasms, menstrual disorders, and digestive issues. Algerian rue is also cultivated for ornamental purposes due to its attractive foliage and flowers.

5. Aztec Rue (Ruta graveolens ‘Aztec Gold’)

Aztec rue, also known as Mexican rue or Ruda de la Siesta, is a cultivar of common rue that features golden-yellow foliage. This unique variety adds a vibrant pop of color to the garden and creates a striking contrast against other plants. Aztec rue produces small yellow flowers similar to its parent species.

In addition to its ornamental value, Aztec rue is also used in traditional Mexican medicine. It is believed to have properties that can help alleviate anxiety, promote relaxation, and improve sleep quality. However, it’s important to consult with a healthcare professional before using any herbal remedies.

In conclusion, Ruda plant encompasses various types that differ in their appearance and characteristics. From the well-known common rue to the variegated and dwarf varieties, each type offers its own unique appeal to gardeners and landscapers. Whether for its medicinal properties or ornamental value, Ruda plant continues to be cherished and cultivated around the world.