What Are the Different Types of Myrtle Plant

Myrtle plants belong to the genus Myrtus and are known for their ornamental beauty, aromatic leaves, and small berries. These plants have been cultivated for centuries and are popular in gardens and landscapes all around the world. With over 400 different species within the Myrtus genus, there is a wide variety of myrtle plants to choose from. In this article, we will explore some of the most common types of myrtle plants and their unique characteristics.

Common Myrtle (Myrtus communis)

The Common Myrtle, also known as True Myrtle or Mediterranean Myrtle, is one of the most popular and widely grown species within the genus. This evergreen shrub is native to the Mediterranean region and is known for its attractive dark green leaves, white fragrant flowers, and blue-black berries. The leaves of the Common Myrtle are often used in cooking and herbal teas due to their pleasant aroma.

This particular species can reach a height of up to 13 feet (4 meters) when fully matured and prefers a sunny location with well-drained soil. It is a hardy plant that can tolerate a range of climatic conditions, making it suitable for various regions.

Creeping Myrtle (Vinca minor)

Creeping Myrtle, also known as Periwinkle or Vinca minor, is a low-growing evergreen plant that is often used as ground cover. Unlike other types of myrtle plants, Creeping Myrtle belongs to the Apocynaceae family rather than the Myrtaceae family. However, it shares similar characteristics with myrtle plants, such as glossy leaves and small flowers.

This species is native to parts of Europe and Asia and has naturalized in many other regions due to its adaptability and hardiness. Creeping Myrtle features trailing stems that root along the ground, forming a dense mat of foliage. It is commonly used to control erosion on slopes or as a border plant in gardens.

Wax Myrtle (Myrica cerifera)

Wax Myrtle, also known as Southern Bayberry or Candleberry, is a native North American species that is commonly found along coastal areas. This evergreen shrub or small tree is known for its waxy berries, which were traditionally used to make candles by early settlers.

Wax Myrtle has aromatic leaves and produces small greenish-yellow flowers in the spring. The berries, which are covered in a waxy coating, provide food for various bird species. This plant is highly adaptable and can tolerate a range of soil types, making it suitable for coastal gardens and landscapes.

Lemon Myrtle (Backhousia citriodora)

Lemon Myrtle is a native Australian plant that is highly valued for its lemon-scented leaves. This evergreen tree or shrub belongs to the Myrtaceae family and can reach heights of up to 65 feet (20 meters) in its natural habitat.

The leaves of Lemon Myrtle contain high levels of essential oils, which give them their distinct aroma. These leaves are often used in cooking, teas, and aromatherapy products. Lemon Myrtle is a popular choice for gardens and landscapes due to its attractive foliage, fragrant flowers, and tolerance to a wide range of conditions.

Chilean Myrtle (Luma apiculata)

Chilean Myrtle, also known as Arrayán or Llao Llao, is a species native to Chile and Argentina. This evergreen tree or large shrub features attractive peeling bark and glossy dark green leaves. Chilean Myrtle produces small white flowers in the summer, followed by purple-black berries.

This species is highly valued for its ornamental qualities and can be used as a specimen tree in larger gardens or as a hedge or screen plant. It prefers a moist, well-drained soil and partial shade, making it suitable for temperate climates.

Conclusion

Myrtle plants offer a diverse range of options for gardeners and landscapers looking to add beauty and fragrance to their outdoor spaces. Whether you prefer the classic beauty of the Common Myrtle, the low-growing charm of Creeping Myrtle, or the unique qualities of other species like Wax Myrtle, Lemon Myrtle, or Chilean Myrtle, there is a myrtle plant that will suit your needs.

Before selecting a specific type of myrtle plant, consider the climate and growing conditions in your area to ensure its success. With proper care and attention, myrtle plants can thrive and provide years of enjoyment with their aromatic leaves, colorful flowers, and attractive berries. So go ahead and explore the world of myrtle plants to find the perfect addition to your garden or landscape.