What Are the Different Types of Lemongrass Plant

Lemongrass is a popular herb that is widely used in cuisines, teas, and even as a natural remedy for various health conditions. It is known for its distinct citrusy aroma and flavor, which adds a refreshing touch to dishes and beverages. While there are several types of lemongrass plants, each with its own unique characteristics, not all are suitable for culinary purposes or growing in specific climates. In this article, we will explore the different types of lemongrass plants and their uses.

1. East Indian Lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus)

East Indian Lemongrass, also known as Cymbopogon flexuosus, is one of the most commonly used types of lemongrass plants. It is native to India and is well-known for its strong lemon flavor and fragrance. This variety is often used in cooking, particularly in Asian cuisines such as Thai, Vietnamese, and Indonesian dishes.

The East Indian Lemongrass plant has long, slender leaves with a reddish-purple base. It can grow up to three feet tall and requires warm climates to thrive. This type of lemongrass is rich in essential oils like citral, which gives it its distinctive aroma and flavor.

2. West Indian Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus)

West Indian Lemongrass, scientifically known as Cymbopogon citratus, is another common variety of lemongrass that is widely cultivated across tropical regions. Unlike East Indian Lemongrass, this type is more commonly used for its medicinal properties rather than culinary purposes.

West Indian Lemongrass has broader leaves compared to its East Indian counterpart and a lighter lemon fragrance. It contains citronella oil, which is known for its insect-repellent properties. This variety of lemongrass is often used to make herbal teas and essential oils due to its calming and digestive benefits.

3. African Lemongrass (Cymbopogon afronardus)

African Lemongrass, also called Cymbopogon afronardus, is a native variety found in Africa. It is known for its medicinal properties and is often used in traditional African medicine for treating various ailments.

This type of lemongrass has wider leaves and a milder lemon flavor compared to the East Indian and West Indian varieties. It is commonly used in herbal infusions and beverages. African Lemongrass is also known for its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, making it a popular choice for natural remedies.

4. Cochin Lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus var. cochinensis)

Cochin Lemongrass, scientifically known as Cymbopogon flexuosus var. cochinensis, is a variant of the East Indian Lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus). It is primarily grown for its essential oil production rather than culinary purposes.

The Cochin Lemongrass plant has broader and thicker leaves compared to the regular East Indian variety. It contains higher levels of essential oils, making it ideal for extracting essential oils used in perfumes, soaps, and aromatherapy products.

5. Citronella Grass (Cymbopogon nardus)

Citronella Grass, scientifically known as Cymbopogon nardus, is a type of lemongrass that is primarily cultivated for its citronella oil. This oil is widely used as an insect repellent and is especially effective against mosquitoes.

Citronella Grass has long, slender leaves with a reddish-purple base similar to East Indian Lemongrass. It has a strong citrusy fragrance and is often used in candles, soaps, lotions, and other products designed to repel insects.

Conclusion

Lemongrass plants come in various types, each with its own unique characteristics and uses. Whether you are looking for a variety to enhance the flavor of your culinary creations, create herbal infusions, or extract essential oils, there is a lemongrass plant suitable for your needs. From the strong lemon flavor of East Indian Lemongrass to the insect-repellent properties of Citronella Grass, these versatile plants offer a wide range of benefits and applications. So, next time you come across lemongrass in a recipe or as an ingredient in a product, you’ll have a better understanding of the different types and their specific qualities.