What Are the Different Types of Lemon Verbena Plant

Lemon verbena (Aloysia citrodora) is a perennial shrub with a delightful lemony fragrance and a variety of culinary and medicinal uses. It is native to South America but is now cultivated in many regions around the world. Known for its vibrant green leaves and refreshing scent, lemon verbena is a popular addition to gardens and herb collections.

There are several different types of lemon verbena plants, each with its own unique characteristics and growth habits. In this article, we will explore some of the most common types of lemon verbena and their distinct qualities.

1. Aloysia citrodora

Aloysia citrodora, commonly known as “true” or “straight” lemon verbena, is the most widely recognized type of lemon verbena plant. It features elongated, lance-shaped leaves that are bright green and highly aromatic. This variety can grow up to 6 feet tall and produces tiny white or pale purple flowers during the summer months.

True lemon verbena is known for its strong lemon scent, making it a popular choice for herbal teas, desserts, and perfumes. Its leaves contain high levels of essential oils, including citral, which gives it its distinct lemony aroma.

2. Aloysia triphylla

Aloysia triphylla, also known as “cedar-scented” or “Peruvian” lemon verbena, is another commonly found variety. Unlike true lemon verbena, Aloysia triphylla has smaller leaves that are more rounded and serrated at the edges. The leaves are often described as having a cedar-like scent rather than a straight lemon fragrance.

This type of lemon verbena plant is slightly more compact in size, growing up to 3 feet tall. It produces small clusters of white or pale pink flowers in late summer or early fall. The cedar-scented lemon verbena is often used in potpourri, scented candles, and as a flavoring agent in cooking.

3. Aloysia polystachya

Aloysia polystachya, commonly known as “incense” or “Mexican” lemon verbena, is a variety that is native to Mexico and Central America. It is a larger plant, growing up to 10 feet tall, with long, narrow leaves that have a rough texture and a slightly spicy aroma.

This type of lemon verbena produces long spikes of small white flowers that attract pollinators like bees and butterflies. The leaves of Aloysia polystachya are often used to make herbal infusions and flavor dishes in Latin American cuisine. Its strong scent also makes it a great addition to potpourri blends.

4. Aloysia gratissima

Aloysia gratissima, commonly known as “sweet lemon verbena” or “Lemon beebrush,” is a variety that is native to South America. It has delicate, finely serrated leaves that are pale green in color and emit a sweet and tangy lemon scent.

This type of lemon verbena plant is relatively small, reaching only 3-4 feet tall. It produces clusters of small white flowers that bloom throughout the summer. Aloysia gratissima is often used in herbal teas, desserts, and as a garnish for cocktails due to its pleasant aroma and flavor.

5. Aloysia citriodora ‘Variegata’

Aloysia citriodora ‘Variegata’ is a cultivar of true lemon verbena that features variegated leaves with creamy white and green patterns. This variety adds visual interest to gardens and containers with its striking foliage.

The variegated lemon verbena plant has the same lemony fragrance as the regular Aloysia citriodora but with the added bonus of its unique leaf coloration. It can be used in the same way as the true lemon verbena, adding a touch of elegance to culinary creations and decorative arrangements.

Conclusion

Lemon verbena plants come in a variety of types, each with its own distinctive characteristics and uses. Whether you prefer the classic aroma of true lemon verbena, the cedar-like scent of Aloysia triphylla, or the spicy notes of Aloysia polystachya, there is a lemon verbena plant that suits your preferences.

Regardless of the type, lemon verbena plants are relatively easy to grow and require well-drained soil, plenty of sunlight, and regular watering. They can be cultivated in gardens, containers, or even indoors as potted plants.

Whichever type you choose, having a lemon verbena plant in your garden or herb collection will not only add beauty but also provide you with a delightful lemony fragrance and a versatile herb for culinary and medicinal purposes.