Mums Plant Stages of Growth

Mums, scientifically known as Chrysanthemums, are beautiful flowering plants that are native to Asia and northeastern Europe. They are widely renowned for their vibrant colors and ability to thrive in various climates. From the moment they are planted as seeds or cuttings, mums go through several stages of growth before they reach their full potential. In this article, we will explore the different stages of growth of mums and provide tips on how to care for them at each stage.

Stage 1: Germination

The first stage of a mum’s growth begins with germination. If you decide to start your mums from seeds, it is essential to sow them in well-draining soil during the early spring. The seeds should be placed approximately one inch deep and gently watered. It is crucial to keep the soil consistently moist during this stage to facilitate germination.

Germination usually takes around 7 to 14 days, depending on the variety of mums and environmental conditions. Once the seedlings emerge, it is important to provide them with adequate sunlight or fluorescent lighting if grown indoors. The temperature should be kept between 65 to 75 degrees Fahrenheit (18-24 degrees Celsius) during this stage.

Stage 2: Vegetative Growth

After the seedlings have established themselves, the second stage of growth begins – vegetative growth. During this stage, the mums focus on developing a strong root system and producing foliage. It is advisable to transplant the seedlings into individual pots or containers at this point to allow for better root development.

Provide your mums with well-drained soil and ample sunlight for healthy vegetative growth. Regular watering is necessary, ensuring that the soil remains moist but not waterlogged. Fertilizing with a balanced, slow-release fertilizer every four to six weeks will provide the necessary nutrients for optimal growth.

It is important to pinch back the growing tips of the mums during this stage to encourage bushier growth. This can be done by simply using your fingers or pruning shears to remove the top 1-2 inches of the plant. Pinching should be done every two to three weeks until early summer to promote lateral branch development.

Stage 3: Bud Formation

The third stage of a mum’s growth is characterized by the formation of buds. As summer approaches, and the days become shorter, mums naturally transition from vegetative growth to reproductive growth. During this stage, buds will begin to form at the ends of the lateral branches.

To ensure abundant bud formation, it is important to maintain consistent watering and fertilization. However, it is crucial to avoid over-fertilization during this stage as it may promote excessive foliage growth at the expense of bud formation. Additionally, mums require at least six hours of direct sunlight per day for optimal bud development.

Stage 4: Flowering

The most anticipated stage of a mum’s growth is undoubtedly flowering. Depending on the variety, mums can bloom in late summer or fall, adding a burst of color to gardens and landscapes when most other flowers have faded. The length of the flowering period will vary depending on the variety and environmental conditions.

During the flowering stage, it is crucial to provide your mums with adequate water to prevent wilting and ensure vibrant blooms. Regular deadheading – removing spent flowers – will encourage continuous blooming and prevent seed production, which can divert energy away from flower production.

If you are growing mums for cut flowers, it is advisable to harvest them when the outer petals begin to open but before the center disc flowers fully emerge. This will ensure longer vase life and prevent pollen staining.

Stage 5: Dormancy

After the flowering stage, mums enter a period of dormancy. During this stage, which typically occurs in late fall or early winter, the plant’s growth slows down, and the foliage may turn yellow or brown. This is a natural process as mums prepare for the colder months.

To prepare your mums for dormancy, reduce watering and stop fertilizing. It is important to leave the foliage intact during this stage, as it provides protection for the plant’s crown against harsh winter conditions. Applying a layer of mulch around the base of the plant will help insulate the roots and prevent frost damage.

Conclusion

Watching mums go through their various stages of growth is a rewarding experience for any gardener. From germination to dormancy, each stage requires specific care and attention to ensure healthy development and vibrant blooms. By understanding and providing for each stage’s unique needs, you can enjoy the beauty of mums in your garden year after year.