How to Grow Curcuma Plant Outdoors

Curcuma, also known as turmeric, is a spice that has been used for centuries in various cultures. This plant is not only a great addition to your spice rack but also to your garden. Growing curcuma plant outdoors is easy and rewarding. Here are some tips on how to grow curcuma plant outdoors.

Choose the Right Spot

Curcuma plants thrive in warm and humid conditions with partial shade. Therefore, it is important to choose the right spot for planting them. Look for a spot in your garden that receives dappled sunlight, such as under a tree canopy or near a north-facing wall. The soil should be well-draining, rich in organic matter, and slightly acidic with a pH of 6-7. You can amend the soil by adding compost or well-rotted manure before planting.

Planting Curcuma Rhizomes

Curcuma is usually grown from rhizomes, which are small pieces of the root that sprout new growth. You can either purchase rhizomes from a garden center or online or use the ones you have saved from last year’s harvest. Here is how to plant curcuma rhizomes:

1. Soak the rhizomes in water overnight to help them absorb moisture.
2. Dig a hole about 2-3 inches deep and place the rhizome horizontally with the buds facing up.
3. Cover the rhizome with soil and water it gently.

Watering and Fertilizing

Curcuma plants need regular watering, especially during hot and dry weather. Water them deeply once a week or more often if the soil dries out quickly. However, avoid overwatering as it can cause root rot. In addition, fertilize your curcuma plants every 4-6 weeks with an all-purpose fertilizer or a slow-release fertilizer that contains nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.

Mulching

Mulching can help retain soil moisture, suppress weeds, and regulate soil temperature. Apply a layer of organic mulch such as straw, leaves, or wood chips around the base of your curcuma plants. However, avoid piling the mulch too high around the stem as it can cause rotting.

Harvesting

Curcuma plants usually take 8-10 months to mature and produce flowers. The flowers are pink or white and resemble small pinecones. Once the flowers start to fade, it is time to harvest the rhizomes. Carefully dig up the rhizomes with a garden fork or spade and wash them thoroughly to remove any soil or debris. You can then dry them in a warm and well-ventilated spot for a few days before storing them in a cool and dry place.

Pests and Diseases

Curcuma plants are generally not prone to pests and diseases. However, they can be affected by spider mites, aphids, or fungal diseases if they are grown in damp conditions or crowded areas. To prevent these problems, make sure to space your plants about 12-18 inches apart and avoid overhead watering.

FAQs

Can I grow curcuma in a container?

Yes, curcuma can be grown in containers as long as the container is at least 12 inches in diameter and has drainage holes.

Can I grow curcuma from seed?

Yes, but it is more difficult and time-consuming than growing from rhizomes.

How often should I fertilize my curcuma plants?

Fertilize your curcuma plants every 4-6 weeks with an all-purpose fertilizer or a slow-release fertilizer that contains nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.

When is the best time to harvest curcuma rhizomes?

Harvest curcuma rhizomes when the flowers start to fade, which is usually 8-10 months after planting.

Can I propagate curcuma plants by division?

Yes, you can divide the rhizomes of mature plants in early spring before new growth appears. Make sure each division has at least one bud and some roots.