How to Get Rid of Borers on American Elm Tree

American Elm trees are known for their graceful appearance and vibrant green leaves, making them a popular choice for landscaping. However, these majestic trees are susceptible to attacks from borers, which can cause significant damage if left unchecked. Borers are a type of insect that burrow into the bark and wood of trees, feeding on the tree’s nutrients and weakening its structure. In this article, we will discuss how to identify borers on American Elm trees and effective methods to get rid of them.

Identifying Borers on American Elm Trees

Borers are often difficult to detect until significant damage has already been done to the tree. However, there are some signs to look out for that may indicate a borer infestation:

1. Holes in the Bark: Borers create small round holes in the bark of the tree as they enter and exit the wood. These holes may be accompanied by sawdust-like frass, which is a mixture of wood particles and insect waste.

2. Wilting or Yellowing Leaves: Borers disrupt the flow of nutrients within the tree, causing leaves to wilt, turn yellow, or prematurely drop from the tree.

3. Sparse Foliage: As borers feed on the inner bark and wood of the tree, it can lead to a thinning canopy and sparse foliage.

4. S-shaped Galleries: Some borers, such as the Elm Borer, create distinctive S-shaped galleries under the bark of the tree. These galleries can be seen when the bark is peeled back.

Methods to Get Rid of Borers

1. Pruning Infested Branches:

One effective way to get rid of borers is by pruning infested branches. Carefully inspect the tree for signs of borer infestation and remove any affected branches using sharp pruners. Be sure to cut below the infested area to prevent the borers from spreading further.

2. Insecticidal Sprays:

Insecticidal sprays can be used to target adult borers and larvae feeding on the tree. Look for a product specifically labeled for borer control on elm trees and follow the instructions carefully for application.

3. Soil Drenches:

Systemic insecticides can be applied as soil drenches around the base of the tree to target borers feeding on the roots or lower trunk. These insecticides are absorbed by the tree’s roots and transported throughout its vascular system, effectively targeting borers hidden within the tree.

4. Biological Controls:

Certain beneficial insects, such as parasitic wasps or nematodes, can be introduced to help control borer populations naturally. These natural predators seek out borer larvae and eggs, reducing their numbers over time.

5. Trunk Banding:

Wrapping a sticky band around the trunk of the tree can help trap adult borers before they have a chance to lay eggs. This method is particularly effective for preventing future infestations.

6. Maintaining Tree Health:

Keeping American Elm trees healthy and well-maintained is essential for preventing borer infestations. Proper watering, fertilization, and regular pruning can help promote tree vigor and resilience against pests.

Conclusion

Borers can pose a serious threat to American Elm trees if left unaddressed, but with proper identification and timely intervention, infestations can be effectively managed. By implementing a combination of pruning, insecticidal sprays, biological controls, and cultural practices, you can protect your American Elm tree from borer damage and ensure its long-term health and beauty. Remember to regularly inspect your trees for signs of borers and take swift action to address any infestations promptly. With diligence and care, you can successfully get rid of borers on your American Elm tree and enjoy its splendor for years to come.