How to Build a Brick Pilaster Step by Step

A brick pilaster is a decorative and structural feature that adds character and strength to walls, fences, entryways, and garden spaces. It is essentially a vertical column built from bricks that can serve as a support element or simply as an architectural accent. Whether you’re enhancing your home’s curb appeal or reinforcing a fence line, building a brick pilaster can be a rewarding DIY project.

In this comprehensive guide, we will walk you through the entire process of building a brick pilaster step by step—from planning and preparation to laying the bricks and finishing touches. By following these detailed instructions, you can achieve professional-looking results that stand the test of time.

What is a Brick Pilaster?

Before diving into construction, it’s important to understand what a brick pilaster is. A pilaster is an upright column that projects slightly from a wall. Unlike full columns, pilasters are primarily decorative but can have structural functions by reinforcing walls or fencing posts.

Brick pilasters are commonly used in:

• Garden walls
• Fence posts
• Entryway pillars
• Garage entrances
• Exterior wall accents

Pilasters come in various shapes and sizes, typically square or rectangular in cross-section. The height can vary depending on their purpose, but most are built to match or complement the height of adjoining walls or fences.

Tools and Materials Needed

Before starting your project, gather all necessary tools and materials to ensure smooth progress.

Materials:

• Bricks (quantity depends on size of pilaster)
• Mortar mix (pre-mixed or homemade with cement, sand, and lime)
• Water
• Concrete mix (for foundation)
• Reinforcement bars (rebar) or metal ties (optional for stability)
• Damp-proof membrane or waterproofing agent (optional)

Tools:

• Trowel
• Brick hammer or chisel
• Spirit level
• Mason’s line and line pins
• Tape measure
• Bucket for mixing mortar
• Wheelbarrow or mixing tray
• Jointing tool (for finishing mortar joints)
• Gloves and safety goggles
• Shovel (for foundation digging)
• Brush (for cleaning bricks)

Step 1: Plan Your Pilaster

Effective planning ensures your pilaster will be functional, attractive, and durable.

1. Determine Location: Choose where your pilaster will be built—next to existing walls, fences, gates, or standalone.
2. Decide Dimensions: Standard pilasters are usually 12 inches wide by 12 inches deep, but you can customize the size. The height depends on the adjacent structure (commonly 3 to 6 feet tall).
3. Design Style: Consider brick pattern (running bond, English bond), capstone style (flat stone, concrete cap), and whether the pilaster will include decorative elements like recessed panels.
4. Check Regulations: Verify local building codes and obtain any required permits.

Step 2: Prepare the Foundation

A solid foundation is critical for supporting the weight of the brick pilaster and preventing settling or cracking.

1. Mark Out Area: Use stakes and string to mark the exact footprint of your pilaster on the ground.
2. Dig Foundation Trench: Excavate a trench at least 12 inches deep and slightly wider than the pilaster base.
3. Add Gravel Base: Pour 4–6 inches of compacted gravel for drainage.
4. Mix Concrete: Prepare concrete mix according to manufacturer instructions.
5. Pour Foundation: Fill trench with concrete ensuring it is level; use a spirit level for accuracy.
6. Allow to Cure: Let foundation cure for at least 24–48 hours before proceeding.

Step 3: Mix Mortar

Mortar acts as the bonding agent between bricks.

1. Choose Mortar Type: Use Type N mortar for above-ground brickwork; it’s strong yet workable.
2. Prepare Mix: Combine one part cement, one part lime (optional), and six parts sand in a mixing bucket.
3. Add Water Gradually: Slowly add water while mixing until you get a thick but spreadable consistency.
4. Test Mortar: It should hold its shape on the trowel without dripping.

Step 4: Lay the First Course of Bricks

The first layer sets the tone for alignment and leveling.

1. Spread Mortar Bed: Apply about 1-inch thick mortar over foundation where bricks will be placed.
2. Place Corner Bricks: Position bricks at each corner first using mortar underneath and against sides.
3. Check Alignment: Use mason’s line stretched between corner bricks to ensure straightness.
4. Fill In Between Bricks: Lay remaining bricks along edges following the line.
5. Tap Bricks Into Place: Use trowel handle or rubber mallet gently to seat bricks firmly in mortar.
6. Remove Excess Mortar: Scrape off any mortar squeezing out from joints.

Step 5: Build Up Additional Courses

Continue layering bricks upward while maintaining proper spacing and alignment.

1. Apply Mortar on Top of Previous Course: Use trowel to spread mortar evenly on top bricks.
2. Butter Side of New Brick: Spread mortar on vertical face (buttering) before placing it next to previous brick.
3. Stagger Joints: For stability, offset each new course so joints do not line up vertically (running bond pattern).
4. Use Spirit Level Frequently: Check both horizontal and vertical alignment after placing each brick.
5. Insert Metal Reinforcement (Optional): For taller pilasters or those supporting structures, place rebar vertically inside hollow cores or tie metal straps around bricks every few courses.

Step 6: Finish Mortar Joints

Clean, uniform joints improve both appearance and weather resistance.

1. Let Mortar Set Slightly: Wait until mortar firms up enough not to crumble when touched.
2. Tool Joints With Jointers: Use concave/jointer tool or pointing trowel to shape mortar joints neatly.
3. Remove Loose Debris: Brush surface gently with masonry brush while mortar is still damp.
4. Clean Bricks: Wipe off excess mortar from brick faces with damp sponge before it fully hardens.

Step 7: Add Capstone

A capstone protects the top of the pilaster from water damage and completes its look.

1. Choose Capstone Material: Options include precast concrete blocks, natural stone slabs, or specially shaped bricks.
2. Set Capstone With Mortar: Apply smooth mortar bed on top course; position capstone centered over pilaster.
3. Check Leveling: Make sure capstone is level in all directions.
4. Allow To Cure: Do not disturb for at least 48 hours for full strength.

Step 8: Optional Waterproofing

To extend longevity, apply waterproofing treatments such as:

• Masonry sealers sprayed over entire surface
• Damp-proof membranes installed during construction
• Water-repellent coatings after curing

These measures help prevent moisture infiltration which can cause spalling or efflorescence over time.

Maintenance Tips for Your Brick Pilaster

Once completed, proper maintenance ensures your pilaster remains strong and beautiful:

• Inspect annually for cracks or loose bricks; repair promptly with fresh mortar.
• Clean dirt buildup periodically using mild detergent solutions; avoid high-pressure washing.
• Reapply sealant every few years if used initially.

Conclusion

Building a brick pilaster combines craftsmanship with functional design—adding both elegance and durability to outdoor spaces. While it requires careful planning and patience, especially during foundation work and bricklaying stages, anyone with basic DIY skills can achieve gratifying results by following these steps methodically.

Remember that precision in alignment, consistent mortar application, proper curing times, and protective finishes are key factors in creating a long-lasting brick structure that enhances your property’s aesthetic for years to come.

Armed with this step-by-step guide, your next home improvement project could well be the impressive brick pilaster that stands proudly as both an architectural statement and sturdy support element in your landscape design. Happy building!