Corn Plant Harvesting:
Optimal Time and Technique

Corn is one of the most important cereal crops in the world, and its harvesting is a crucial step in the cultivation process. Harvesting corn at the right time and using the proper techniques can help maximize yield and quality. In this article, we will discuss the optimal time and technique for harvesting corn.

When to Harvest Corn

The timing of corn harvesting is critical because if it’s done too early or too late, it can significantly affect yield and quality. The first step in determining the optimal time for corn harvesting is to look at the maturity of the crop. Corn maturity can be determined by observing the kernel milkline. The kernel milkline is a line that appears on the kernels as they mature, indicating how much starch has been deposited.

The general rule for corn harvesting is to wait until the kernel milkline reaches about three-quarters of the way down the kernel before harvesting. This usually occurs about 20-25 days after silking. At this stage, the corn should be at 28-35% moisture content.

If harvested before this stage, the yield will be lower because not all kernels have reached their maximum size and weight. If harvested after this stage, there is a higher risk of yield loss due to shattering or ear drooping, and it could also result in lower quality due to increased moisture content.

Techniques for Harvesting Corn

After determining that the corn is mature enough for harvesting, it’s essential to use proper techniques to ensure maximum yield and quality. Here are some techniques for harvesting corn:

1. Choosing the Right Equipment

Choosing the right equipment for harvesting corn can make a significant difference in yield and quality. The most common equipment used for harvesting corn are combines. It’s important to select a combine that is suitable for your field conditions and crop type.

2. Adjusting Combine Settings

Proper combine settings are crucial in maximizing yield and quality. Ensure that the combine is set to the proper height and speed to prevent shattering and ear loss. The combine should also be set to the appropriate moisture level to avoid damage to kernels during threshing.

3. Harvesting at the Right Time

As mentioned above, harvesting at the right time is essential for maximizing yield and quality. It’s also important to harvest corn when weather conditions are favorable, such as on a dry day, to avoid excess moisture content.

4. Storing Corn Properly

After harvesting, it’s important to store corn properly to maintain its quality. Corn should be stored in a cool, dry place to prevent mold growth and insect infestations. Additionally, corn should be stored in airtight containers or bags to prevent moisture from entering.

FAQ

What happens if corn is harvested too early?

If corn is harvested too early, it will result in lower yield because not all kernels have reached their maximum size and weight.

What happens if corn is harvested too late?

If corn is harvested too late, there is a higher risk of yield loss due to shattering or ear drooping, and it could also result in lower quality due to increased moisture content.

What equipment is used for harvesting corn?

The most common equipment used for harvesting corn are combines.

When should I harvest my corn?

Corn should be harvested when the kernel milkline reaches about three-quarters of the way down the kernel, which usually occurs about 20-25 days after silking.

In conclusion, harvesting corn at the optimal time and using proper techniques can significantly impact yield and quality. By following the guidelines mentioned above, farmers can ensure they get maximum yields and high-quality corn crops.